CAMPUS es una revista científica tecnológica de revisión por pares externos. En ella, se divulgan investigaciones originales, artículos científicos de revisión y comunicaciones breves de investigadores en las disciplinas relacionadas con las: ingenierías de la computación y sistemas, electrónica, civil, industrial, arquitectura, las ciencias aeronáuticas y las ciencias básicas. La revista CAMPUS, es una publicación de la Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura editada por la Universidad de San Martín de Porres (Lima, Perú).
Cassava masala in the peruvian amazon: Empirical fermentationtechnology, nutritional value, and cultural relevance
Masato de yucca is a traditional-fermented beverage from the Peruvian Amazon, made mainly by indigenous communities such as the Shipibo- Konibo, Asháninka and Awajún. Its ancestral preparation involves the fermentation of cooked yucca, often initiated by chewing the tuber, a process that activates salivary enzymes that convert starches into fermentable sugars. This review article analyzes aspects of its fermentation, nutritional profile, cultural relevance and socioeconomic potential. importance lies in preserving this practice as part of cultural heritage and discussing the opportunities and challenges of its valorization in contemporary contexts.
Cassava masato, traditional fermentation, Peruvian Amazon, cultural heritage, fermented beverage
Copyright (c) 2025 Marilyn Aurora Buendía Molina, Nazario Aguirre Baique, José Ricardo Mondragón Regalado https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Precipitation characterization using a disdrometer at the AlexanderVon Humbolt meteorological observatory
The objective of this study was to characterize the precipitation recorded at the Alexander von Humboldt Meteorological Observatory (OVH), located at the La Molina National Agrarian University in Lima, Peru, using a Thies Clima laser disdrometer. The monitoring period was from June 2, 2021, to March 20, 2022. Drop size distribution (DSD), terminal fall velocity, weighted mean diameter (Dm), and reflectivity (Z) were analyzed. The data obtained were compared with records from a Costa rain gauge and data from the Davis automatic weather station. During the winter of 2021, precipitation was classified as stratiform, with drop diameters between 0.188 and 1.125 mm. In the summer of 2022, events with droplets up to 2,750 mm were recorded, associated with stratiform-convective and convective rainfall. The results show seasonal differences in precipitation microphysics, with implications for the calibration of weather radars.
disdrometer, distribution of the number of drops, reflectivity, intensity of precipitation and pluviometer
Copyright (c) 2025 Antonio Vílchez Gutarra, Stephany Katherin María Vílchez Ybarra, José Ángel Tafur Torres, Luis Shuseki Yoza Yoza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Natural language processing and Bert for social network authorprofiling X
Today X has become one of the most important social networks for expressing opinions and interests on the web. The large amount of data generated allows automated systems to profile users based on gender, nationality and thematic interests. There are difficulties in this process not only because of the short content, but also because of the ambiguity and the use of several languages. The goal of this proposal is to generate a deep learning model using BERT that is able to identify demographic and thematic attributes from tweets. Pre-trained models of the BERT and Multilingual BERT type will be used, applied on PAN Author Profiling Task (CLEF 2019) corpora in English and Spanish. The proposed work will deepen the analysis using supervised classification data for gender and nationality classification and topic extraction through unsupervised techniques, such as LDA and BERTopic. These options include preprocessing techniques, dimensional reduction (UMAP) and evaluation using metrics such as precision and accuracy. It is expected that the results of the analysis can demonstrate the applicability of BERT for automatic profiling in marketing, socio-political analysis and content personalization.
Natural language, Bert , Profiling , Social Network X
Copyright (c) 2025 Ivan Petrlik Azabache, Ciro Rodríguez Rodríguez, Pedro Lezama Gonzales, Luz Torres-Talaverano, Enma Graciela Vásquez Hurtado, Karina Inés Hinojosa Pedraza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Ecotoxicological effects of heavy metals on marine mammals:A systematic review
Heavy metal pollution originates from mining, agricultural, and domestic activities, significantly impacting water resources. It has been reported that between 75% and 96% of the world’s seas are contaminated, exposing marine mammals to ecotoxicological effects, with about 60% affected. The data sources used for this research include Scopus, ScienceDirect, Springer, ResearchGate, and the Journal of Wildlife Diseases. Additionally, the PRISMA methodology was employed for a systematic review, analyzing 60 articles. The results indicate that most studies are from the United States, with the Delphinidae family being the most frequently studied. Furthermore, 93% of the studies focus on chronic effects related to bioaccumulation in the liver and kidneys. There is a positive correlation between exposure time and concentration differences according to diving depth. High concentrations of arsenic have been shown to weaken the immune system, making animals more susceptible to infectious diseases, while high levels of cadmium can cause chronic kidney damage. The remaining 7% of studies address acute effects, revealing that elevated concentrations of mercury and cadmium are associated with significant damage to cellular organelles and the immune system. Consequently, heavy metal pollution in marine mammals constitutes a significant problem due to its persistence, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification. These animals, positioned at the top of the food chain, face various exposure pathways, with dietary intake being the most significant.
ecotoxicology, heavy metals, marine mammals, oceans, toxic effects.
Isabel Gonzalez-Caro Isabel Gonzalez-Caro
Copyright (c) 2025 Joyce Alessandra Malca-Valdez, Rodrigo Alonso Villano-Vilchez, Daniela Abigail Rumiche-Paredes, Isabel Gonzalez-Caro, Sandra Campos-Rodríguez, Daniela Cristina Vilchez-Aguilar, Joaquin Alfonso Garreta-Diez, José Iannacone https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Use of compost as an alternative to chemical fertilization in potatoes(Solanum tuberosum L.)
This study evaluated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production in the Central Highlands of Peru through the application of five types of fermented solid composts, compared with conventional treatments and a control. The study was conducted in Huancayo at 3300 m above sea level, using composts made from cattle and llama manure, barley straw, ash, urea, and, in one case, cellu-lolytic bacteria. The composts were applied in two doses (5 and 10 MT ha⁻¹), and agronomic variables such as fresh weight of total, marketable, non-marketable, and damaged tubers were evaluated. In addition, an economic analysis was performed using the partial budget method. The results indicated that composts 1, 2, and 5 presented the best agricultural and economic yields. The 10 MT ha⁻¹ dose showed greater efficacy in terms of total and marketable yield. Economically, all composts outperformed chemical fertilizer at the 5 MT ha⁻¹ dose, while at 10 MT ha⁻¹, composts 1 and 5 stood out for their high benefit/cost ratio. It is concluded that the use of compost represents an ecologically and economically viable alternative for reducing the use of chemical fertilizers in potato cultivation.
compost, Solanum tuberosum L., economic evaluation
Copyright (c) 2025 Gian Quispe Garibay, Braulio La Torre Martínez1, Angela Judith Díaz Montoya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Effect of a phytobiotic on the performance of Novogen Brownlaying hens
This study evaluated the effect of a phytobiotic as a nutritional supplement in Novogen Brown laying hens during the first laying stage at I.E.S. Publico Huando (Huaral). Two groups were established: one with conventional feed (control) and the other supplemented with the BIO AVIPLEX GOLD® phytobiotic. Parameters such as weight gain, laying percentage, and economic merit were analyzed for 20 weeks. The group that received the phytobiotic achieved a higher average laying percentage (70.18%) compared to the control (63.32%), and greater average weight gain (1449 g vs. 1409 g). Economic merit was 12.06% in the treatment and 4.69% in the control. The Wilcoxon test confirmed statistically significant differences. In conclusion, the phytobiotic significantly improves productive performance and profitability in laying hens, offering a sustainable alternative to antibiotics.
phytobiotic; posture; weight gain; profitability; sustainability
Copyright (c) 2025 José Carlos Blas Camacllanqui, Lizbeth Yoselin Pantoja Mori, Manuel Augusto Timana Sandoval, Enrique Raúl Adama Rojas, Marilyn Aurora Buendía Molina, Ana Magdalena Martinez Egoavil https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Toxic effects of pesticides on land mammals
Pesticides, such as organophosphates, carbamates, and pyrethroids, are common agricultural chemicals that can affect health and the environment. Organochlorines and DPCs (polychlorinated biphenyls) cause bioaccumulation and adverse toxic effects in mammals. Their worldwide use and risks persist despite bans. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA method, searching for articles from 2018 to 2024 in ScienceDirect and Google Scholar with the keywords “pesticides” AND “toxicity” AND “mammals”. 46 articles that met the inclusion criteria on toxic effects in mammals were selected. Various studies evaluating the toxic effects of pesticides on mammals were identified. Most of the articles were published in 2024 (11) and 2023 (12). China and Japan led in publications, followed by India, the United States, and Türkiye. Rattus norvegicus “rat” was the most studied species, with 26 studies, followed by Mus musculus “mouse”, Sus scrofa domestica “pig” and Oryctolagus cuniculus “rabbit”. A total of 72 types of pesticides were investigated, the most notable being: chlorpyrifos, organochlorines, tebuconazole, imidacloprid, cypermethrin, glyphosate, neonicotinoids, thiamethoxam deltamethrin, pirimiphos and clothianidin. Chlorpyrifos was identified as the most used in research on terrestrial mammals. Exposure to pesticides can cause neurological, hepatic and reproductive effects in mammals. Advances in molecular biology have improved research into these effects, with chlorpyrifos standing out for its reproductive and neurological damage.
chlorpyrifos, mammals, Pesticides, Rattus norvegicus, Toxicity
Copyright (c) 2025 Yahaida Baltazar Vilcarano, Janina Coripuna Narro, Cristhian Fernández Ramos, Isbeth Luyo Martínez, Sandra Maguiña Oré, Valeria Mera Guadalupe, Eliana Poma Huauya, José Iannacone https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluation of bioles as biofertilizers in greenhouse potato cultivation
Bioles are liquid biofertilizers rich in micronutrients, phytohormones, and beneficial microorganisms that improve crop yield, but the specific conditions of the fermentation process are unknown. The objective of this research was to evaluate bioles produced with different inputs based on a C/N ratio (10, 21, and 30), of organic and inorganic origin, with and without agitation, in terms of their nutritional composition, microbial load, and effectiveness on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Canchan. Twelve treatments were installed, and physicochemical and microbiological analyses were performed. In a greenhouse, the bioles were compared with foliar chemical fertilization (20-20-20 NPK) and a control; the fresh weight of foliage and tubers, and the number of tubers, were measured. The results indicated that the composition of the bioles depends on the inputs used, and that an acidic pH reduces the presence of coliforms. Bioles 6 and 11 had the highest fresh foliage weight, while the other treatments (bioles 1–5, 7–10, 12, and chemical fertilization) excelled in fresh weight and number of tubers. It is concluded that some bioles can match or exceed the effect of chemical fertilizers, making them a viable and sustainable alternative.
nutritional content, total coliforms, potato
Copyright (c) 2025 Ana Milagros https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A dynamic probabilistic method to determine the reserve forsecondary frequency regulation in electric power systems with highintegration of wind and solar generation
The rapid growth of wind and solar generation has introduced significant variability and uncertainty into the operation of electric power systems (SEP), challenging traditional methods for sizing operating reserves. This article presents a dynamic probabilistic method based on the convolution of probability distribution functions, aimed at accurately estimating the reserve required for Secondary Frequency Regulation (RSF) in contexts with high penetration of intermittent renewable sources. The proposed approach employs historical time series data with halfhour resolution for electricity demand, wind generation, and solar generation, applying a discrete convolution technique to combine their respective probability distributions. Unlike conventional methods, this methodology allows for differentiated reserve estimation according to the hour of the day and the type of day (weekday or non-weekday), enhancing the precision and operational efficiency of the system. The validity of the method was assessed using data from the Peruvian power system, demonstrating its scalability and adaptability to other systems with increasing renewable energy participation. The results show significant improvements in the sizing and allocation of SFR, contributing to a more secure, efficient, and reliable operation of modern power systems.
Copyright (c) 2025 Javier Aracayo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Development and application of a software for the energy and exergetic analysis of a fishmeal and fish oil plant
The production of fishmeal and fish oil is essential in the food industry, but it involves high energy consumption and significant thermal losses. This paper presents the development of Python software for the energy and exergy analysis of a fishmeal and fish oil plant. Through computational simulations, the termal performance of key equipment such as boilers, stoves, dryers and tanks is evaluated. The results indicate that the model is accurate in most of the equipment, with differences of less than 2% in required heat and steam consumption, although discrepancies of 12.03% were identified in the rotadisk dryers, which require adjustments. The energy analysis highlights critical areas for improving energy efficiency. The software provides a comprehensive tool for industrial process optimization and is planned to be expanded with variable load simulations and thermoeconomic analysis to further improve efficiency and reduce operating costs.
Energy analysis, exergy analysis, Python software, fishmeal and fish oil plant, energy efficiency
Copyright (c) 2025 Luis Enrique Zanabria Alan, Giancarlo Valverde Padilla https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Ingeniería Agroindustrial desde la capacidad de innovación organizacional y la competitividad empresarial
El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la ingeniería agroindustrial desde la capacidad de la innovación organizacional y la competitividad empresarial, Tacna-Perú. El estudio se realizó entre enero y octubre de 2024, con una muestra de 60 asistentes operativos de empresas agroindustriales. Se evaluó la capacidad de innovación organizacional y la competitividad empresarial, utilizando un cuestionario para la recolección de datos, cuyo coeficiente alfa de Cronbach determinó su confiabilidad. El análisis de los datos se realizó con el software SPSS v26. La normalidad de los datos se verificó mediante la prueba Kolmogorov-Smirnov, y se aplicó un análisis de correlación no paramétrica con el coeficiente Rho de Spearman, considerando significativos los resultados con p<0,05. Los resultados muestran que tanto la capacidad de innovación organizacional como la competitividad empresarial no siguen una distribución normal, con valores de significación de 0,000 en ambas variables. Además, la correlación no paramétrica de Spearman indica una fuerte relación positiva entre ambas variables (coeficiente de 0,916), siendo estadísticamente significativa. Los resultados evidencian una fuerte relación entre la innovación organizacional y la competitividad empresarial, respaldando la hipótesis de que mejorar la innovación impulsa directamente la competitividad, a pesar de la no normalidad de las variables. Se concluye que, El estudio confirma que la innovación organizacional mejora la competitividad empresarial en el sector agroindustrial de Tacna, impulsando el crecimiento, diferenciación y sostenibilidad en mercados globalizados.
agroindustria, competitividad, innovación, gestión empresarial, tecnología
Copyright (c) 2025 Edwin Gonzalo Montánchez Picardo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Impact synchronization strategies on the performance of parallel processes: a systematic review IMPACT OF SYNCHRONIZATION STRATEGIES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PARALLEL PROCESSES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
The report addresses the management of parallel processes and synchronization in concurrent systems, highlighting common problems in accessing shared resources that affect efficiency and stability. It also highlights the need to optimize the management of large volumes of data and improve academic cooperation to develop advanced solutions.The objective of the study is to identify and analyze synchronization strategies that optimize parallel processes, evaluating their effectiveness in different scenarios and offering recommendations based on recent literature. A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA methodology, selecting relevant articles published in the last five years and formulating key questions to guide the analysis. The results highlight that non-blocking strategies are more effective for managing shared resources, and techniques such as the use of mutex and actor models contribute to efficiency and stability in concurrent systems. In addition, visual approaches facilitate the identification of key patterns in the synchronization of parallel processes. The study concludes that it is essential to implement interactive methods to teach concurrent and parallel programming, and to foster academic collaboration to overcome technological challenges. Recommendations emphasize prioritizing effective methodologies according to their applicability and promoting advanced strategies to improve the performance of concurrent systems.
Process synchronization, parallel computing, performance, systematic review, PRISMA methodology
Copyright (c) 2025 Andres David Chávez Echevarria , Enzo Martin Osorio Ortiz, Mónica Chambi Flores , Fabio Sthefano Sneyder Zapata Aguinaga, Iván Carlo Petrlik Azabache https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
TikTok for environmental care among engineering students
The present research aimed to establish whether the dissemination of content on TikTok contributes to environmental care in engineering students. Regarding the method, it was quantitative in approach, quasi-experimental design and explanatory level with an intervention, which was the development and publication on TikTok of environmental care content. The sample consisted of industrial and agro-industrial engineering students, who were given a pre-test and after the intervention a post-test, using a 20-question questionnaire. The non-parametric Wilcoxon hypothesis test statistic confirmed the expected effects with a significance (p=0.000) allowing to conclude that the content developed and published on TikTok strengthens the environmental care of engineering students. In addition, the preparation of TikTok showed high motivation, creativity, collaborative work and ethical attitude when citing sources.
TikTok, elaboración de contenidos, cuidado ambiental, competencias.
Copyright (c) 2025 Violeta Leonor Romero Carrión, Julián Ccasani Allende, César Rivadeneyra Rivas, Evelyn Zavala Zavala https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
VERTICAL NATURATION TECHNOLOGY AND ITS EFFECT ON COMFORT THERMAL IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS IN LIMA
The purpose of this research was to analyze the effects of vertical nature on thermal comfort, within the Centro Lima commercial building, located in the district of Lima, using the Kestrel 5500 mini weather station and temperature and humidity recorders, with the purpose of proposing vertical nature (vertical gardens) inside commercial buildings of Metropolitan Lima. For which a pilot pilot design was used, reaching the following conclusions: the environmental conditions of thermal comfort within the commercial building under investigation do not comply with the minimum safety and health provisions in workplaces, since they exceed the temperature levels and there is low humidity with low wind speed. The installed vertical nature favorably affects thermal comfort within the commercial building, regulating the basic parameters and placing them within the minimum health and safety regulations in workplaces.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ing. Fredy P. Condori https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Comparación de rendimiento de ejecución de tareas en distintos sistemas operativos: una revisión sistemática
The efficiency in the execution of tasks through different operating systems is a critical factor that influences the user experience and the optimization of the same. This study aims to systematically review the literature regarding the comparison of different operating systems on Windows, MacOS, Linux platforms through an exhaustive analysis of sources and empirical studies, using the PRISMA protocol for the filtering and selection of relevant scientific articles, ensuring the inclusion of high quality and relevant studies. Key performance metrics such as processing speed, resource utilization, system stability and user satisfaction were evaluated. Our findings reveal significant differences in how these operating systems handle various tasks, highlighting specific strengths and weaknesses inherent to each platform. We conclude that Windows performs better with respect to video rendering tasks due to its high driver support directly from the manufacturers and that Linux excels more on the server side due to its outstanding task scheduler.
operating systems, comparative analysis, systems review, efficiency
Copyright (c) 2025 Christian Manuel Rodriguez Chilet, Manuel Alonso Carranza Avellaneda, Adrian Olulo Veramendi, DR.IVAN PETRLIK AZABACHE https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXIC EFFECTS OF OIL ON MAMMALS
The growth of globalized industries has increased the demand for oil, increasing accidents in its exploitation and transport. Therefore, the aim of this work is to assess the acute and chronic toxic effects of oil on terrestrial and aquatic mammals. A search for information was carried out in databases such as Scopus, Science Direct, SciELO and other sources such as Google Scholar. The PRISMA approach was used for the analysis and selection of information, and 54 articles were selected for this systematic review. The review on mammalian exposure to hydrocarbons revealed that cetaceans are the most studied, with a focus on marine mammals. The most frequently mentioned contaminants were oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), due to spills such as Deepwater Horizon and Exxon Valdez. These hydrocarbons cause DNA damage, inflammation and genetic mutations, affecting the health and reproduction of species, with acute and chronic impacts, underlining the need for mitigation strategies to protect marine wildlife and human health. Recent studies show that oil spills cause chronic effects on mammals, such as genetic and physiological damage, affecting their survival and reproduction. This occurs through exposure by contact, inhalation, and ingestion. This is why strict policies and effective remediation measures are needed due to bioaccumulation and difficult oil degradation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jose Iannacone https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
AI-driven malware protection techniques in mobile environments
Today, mobile devices are an essential part of daily life, making them an attractive target for malware attacks. Traditional malware protection techniques, while effective, face increasing challenges due to constantly evolving threats. This article explores artificial intelligence (AI)-powered malware protection techniques in mobile environments, evaluating their effectiveness compared to traditional methods. Through a systematic analysis of the literature, the advantages of using AI, such as machine and deep learning, to improve malware detection and mitigation on mobile devices are highlighted. Additionally, limitations and challenges of implementing these advanced techniques are identified.
Copyright (c) 2025 Leonardo Sacramento Benites, Giovani Salcedo Quispe, Alberto Mendoza de los Santos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Critical Exegesis on the Application of Blockchain in Information Security Across Various Sectors
Nowadays, the protection of information has become an indispensable and omnipresent need. In this context, blockchain technology has emerged as a disruptive solution, generating a significant impact thanks to its decentralized structure and its ability to provide an immutable and transparent record of transactions. This article aims to analyze how blockchain has been successfully implemented to protect sensitive data, ranging from financial applications to medical records management, through a systematic review of information collected between the years 2018 and 2024. The study offers a comprehensive and updated vision of how this technology is transforming information security, highlighting its growing relevance in a digital environment that is increasingly vulnerable to ciber threats.
Blockchain, data integrity, security information, privacy
Copyright (c) 2025 Diego J. Rodriguez Leon, Dominick A. Revilla, Dr. ACM de los Santos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PREDICTION OF THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF GUINEA PIECES THROUGH THE USE OF PHYTOBIOTICS
The present research seeks to evaluate the use of a phytobiotic in the fattening phase of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) by predicting its impact on weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion. A predictive model based on linear regression was developed to estimate the benefits of the phytobiotic. The guinea pigs that received the supplement showed a significant weight increase (1040.30 g compared to 967 g in the control group), as well as an improvement in feed conversion. This study suggests that the use of phytobiotics is a viable alternative to antibiotics, improving both productive efficiency and sustainability in guinea pig farming.
Jorge Víctor Adama Gómez Jorge Víctor Adama Gómez
Copyright (c) 2025 Manuel Augusto Timana Sandoval, Gladys Gallegos Camacho, Juan Carlos Sosa Velarde, Sly Alex Sobrado Claudio, Jorge Víctor Adama Gómez, Marilyn Aurora Buendía Molina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Artificial intelligence has achieved great potential in technological development, especially in the optimization of internal combustion engines. This research seeks to forecast the performance of diesel engines using regression strategies in machine learning. The study, with a quantitative and applied approach, collects data from a 30-liter, 1200 HP Komatsu diesel engine through dynamometric tests. Brake power, torque and fuel consumption are measured, monitoring various operating parameters. Using the data, a forecasting model was developed using multiple linear regression in Python. The results show a high correlation between the input and output parameters, highlighting the intake manifold pressure as the most relevant. The predictions reach high R² values: torque (0.96), brake power (0.97) and instantaneous consumption (0.98). The coefficients of the regression model applicable to the input parameters are also determined. In conclusion, machine learning algorithms, specifically multiple linear regression, are effective in predicting the behavior of diesel engines in dynamometric tests.
César Elías Mendoza Suárez Mendoza-Suárez
Copyright (c) 2025 César Elías Mendoza Suárez Mendoza-Suárez, Chevarria Moscoso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Artificial intelligence software to detect microsleeps in drivers
This project was developed to address a significant social and economic issue: the detection of microsleeps in minibus drivers. Interprovincial trips, especially at night or during long journeys, increase the risk of fatigue and drowsiness, which affects the driver's attention. The consequences not only jeopardize the physical integrity of those involved but also lead to substantial material and economic losses. According to the World Health Organization, drowsiness-related accidents are one of the leading causes of mortality on roads worldwide (WHO, 2021). This project developed artificial intelligence (AI) software to monitor and analyze drivers' facial patterns in real time, identifying early signs of fatigue such as prolonged blinking, yawning, and head nodding. Ultimately, a mobile solution was achieved, capable of alerting the driver with auditory signals upon detecting a potential microsleep, allowing for early and effective interventions to prevent accidents. This technological advancement represents a significant contribution to road safety and can be extended to other public and private transportation contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ruso Alexander Morales Gonzales https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mejora de la calidad de agua para consumo humano mediante la implementación de Filtros Bioarena y Filtros Lentos de Arena Intermitentes
La calidad del agua para consumo humano es sumamente importante, y su acceso es un desafío fundamental, especialmente en zonas con fuentes de agua contaminadas. Este estudio evaluó la eficiencia de remoción de patógenos mediante implementación de Filtros Bioarena (FBA) en las aguas provenientes del río Rímac, para mejorar su calidad. En las comunidades (115 usuarios) Los Girasoles y Los Frutales, se instalaron aleatoriamente 13 FBA y dos filtros lento de arena intermitente (FLAI), este sistema de tratamiento de agua domiciliario operó continuamente durante 113 días, donde se aplicó encuestas a los 30 participantes antes y después de la instalación de los FBA, evaluando aspectos relacionados al consumo de agua y alimentos, tales como prácticas de toma de agua, uso responsable del agua, higiene, compra de alimentos y exposición a contaminación. Los resultados mostraron que, durante los periodos de mayor turbiedad del agua(avenidas), el caudal de los filtros disminuyó, pero los FBA lograron una eficiencia del 99%, mientras que los FLAI demostraron mayor estabilidad en los parámetros de calidad del agua. Esto los hace adecuados para aplicaciones comunitarias de grandes volúmenes de agua y uso de tecnologías como herramientas de salud pública, considerando que la granulometría del material filtrante es crucial para retención de patógenos, y que la capa biológica actúa como barrera efectiva para eliminación de microorganismos, contribuyendo a la obtención de agua purificada.
Copyright (c) 2025 Julio Alexander López Garcia, Andre Juarez Castro, Lia Ramos Fernández, Joselito Jersin Robles Silvestre, Henry Juarez Soto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Low-cost IoT and computer vision-based aquaculturemonitoring system
Securing a reliable source of food for the ever-growing population is one of the big challenges for humanity. Demand for aquatic foods will continue to grow and production process in aquaculture needs improvement. A low-cost Internet of Things based system for monitoring hatching and growth of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is designed and implemented in a rural area in Peru. Three-layer architecture with sensors and underwater camera based on raspberry pi, Wi-Fi and satellite connection to Internet sends data to cloud services for storage and analysis. The system reduced drastically the manual and time-consuming monitoring tasks related to traditional aquaculture and the data collected will be used to establish optimal growth conditions parameters and future growth predictions.
Copyright (c) 2024 Eiriku Yamao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Circular economic engineering through technologization
The technologization of circular economy engineering faces barriers in adoption and training, generating social inequalities. The aim of the study was to describe circular economic engineering from its technologization. A comprehensive review of the scientific literature was conducted to identify and evaluate the relevance of key indicators, which were: I) technological innovation and sustainability, II) circular economy, III) socio-economic and environmental indicators, IV) technological model of circular economy, V) challenges in developing countries, VI) role of engineering in circular economy, and VII) social implications of circular economy. The results highlight the assessment of technological innovation for sustainability; transition towards a circular economic model; positive socio-economic and environmental impacts; cost reduction and economic opportunities; technological barriers in developing countries; crucial role of engineering in circular systems; social implications such as job creation and social inclusion. It is concluded that circular economy, driven by technological innovation, promotes process optimization, resource efficiency, and sustainable solutions; however, barriers in technological adoption and training persist, indicating the need to adapt technological models and develop social competencies for an effective transition towards sustainability.
circular economy – cross-sector collaboration – sustainable development – sustainable engineering – technological innovation
Copyright (c) 2024 Geomanis Argota Pérez, George Argota Pérez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Ecotoxicological effects of lead (Pb) on the familia Anatidae:A systematic review
Among wild aquatic birds, the family Anatidae is considered a convenient indicator of lead (Pb) contamination due to its exposure to this metal in contaminated inland waters. The objective of this study was to determine the toxic effects of Pb on species of the family Anatidae. These species have been exposed to the heavy metal through activities such as hunting, generating the main cause of exposure, the ingestion of Pb pellets, either directly or through their diet, which this activity uses. Pb, in species of this family, tends to bioaccumulate mainly in the liver, kidneys and bones. Likewise, the main consequences of contamination by this metal are the alteration of the immune system, a decrease in the probability of survival and damage to the central nervous system.
Copyright (c) 2024 Diego Bocanegra Olavarria, Connie Cespedes Caceres, Karla Fernández Sánchez, Ronaldo Galdo Lavado, Wilber Ticuña Blas, José Iannacone https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Acute and chronic toxic effects of hydrocarbons on crustaceans of thefamilies palaemonidae and hyalellidae: systematic review
Contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in freshwater ecosystems represents a serious environmental problem. When they enter the water, either by oil spills or industrial discharges, they adhere to suspended particles, accumulating in sediments and causing them to be absorbed by aquatic organisms, such as decapods and amphipods. Therefore, to evaluate the effects of PAHs on Macrobrachium borelli and Hyalella azteca, a bibliographic compilation was made considering the axes of hydrocarbon toxicity and adaptation mechanisms for these pollutants. The results for decapods indicate a high toxicity for the water-soluble fraction with diesel, although this does not prevent normal hatching of eggs. For amphipods, it was found that, according to their mortality, it is a more sensitive species than other organisms, such as chironomids. In addition, the sublethal effects due to PAH exposure vary in the affectation in the size and behavior of the organism, as well as DNA damage. Finally, the adaptive mechanisms it possesses are not considered effective for the survival of the species.
Acute and chronic toxic effects of hydrocarbons on crustaceans of the families palaemonidae and hyalellidae: systematic review
Copyright (c) 2024 J. Valer ia Yon Leiva, José Iannacone https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Technological feed engineering for total weightperformance of guinea pigs, Tacna-Peru
El objetivo del estudio fue describir la ingeniería tecnológica de alimentación para el rendimiento de peso total de cuyes, Tacna-Perú. El estudio se realizó en la Granja Santa Rosa (latitud 17°56’28 y altitud 702 msnm) del Distrito de Pocollay (Tacna, Perú). La alimentación de los cuyes se basó en cuatro tratamientos (T1 = FVH con cebada libre + concentrado limitado, T2 = FVH con cebada limitado + concentrado libre, T3 = maíz chala limitado + concentrado libre y T4 = maíz chala libre + concentrado limitado). Transcurridas las cuatro semana se midió el peso total (g) y correspondió a: T3 = 661,33±47,17 > T2 = 644,77 ± 17.23 > T1 = 499,56 ± 8,34 > T4 = 474,33 ± 7,68. El T3 y T4 mostraron diferencias significativas en comparación con T1 y T2. El concentrado, rico en nutriente esencial, promovió un mayor peso en los cuyes en los tratamientos T2 y T3. El forraje verde hidropónico (FVH) con cebada y maíz chala no satisfizo completamente los requerimientos nutricionales en T1 y T4. La alimentación basada en concentrado, aunque efectiva, plantea desafíos de sostenibilidad y costos. La práctica de FVH puede ayudar a mitigar el estrés hídrico en Tacna, siendo crucial para la ingeniería tecnológica de alimentación.
Copyright (c) 2024 Edwin Ismael Palza Chambe, Inés Maritza Aguilar Condori, Noemí Ana María Condor Lazo, Irene Vilma Limache Ortiz, George Argota Pérez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
APPLICATION OF DATA MINING IN MARKETING USING E-COMMERCE CUSTOMER SENTIMENT ANALYSIS
In this study, sentiment analysis was developed and applied to technological products in the Twitter/X social network, also, the opinions expressed by customers were determined and finally the most suitable predictive model derived from Machine Learning was identified. For this purpose, 7102 tweets related to Apple and Samsung products were collected, using the methodology proposed by Erl, Khattak and Buhler which facilitated the implementation of its critical phases. The results obtained from sentiment analysis were evaluated using standard metrics such as Accuracy, Precision, Recall and F1-Score, applied to four machine learning models: K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF) and CatBoost Classifier (CC). Of these, the CatBoost Classifier proved to be the most effective, achieving 89% in Accuracy, 90% in Precision, 89% in Recall and 88% in F1-Score. It was concluded that the CatBoost Classifier model was the optimal model for analyzing sentiment on Twitter/X, due to its ability to provide valuable insights into the perception of promoted technology products enabling effectiveness in digital marketing campaigns.
Data mining, sentiment analysis, machine learning, e-commerce
Copyright (c) 2024 DR.IVAN CARLO PETRLIK AZABACHE, DR. JOSÉ COVEÑAS LALUPU, Msc.WILFREDO CARRANZA BARRENA, BACH.LUZ ELENA TORRES TALAVERANO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
WATER QUALITY OF THE LAGUNA DE TRAGADERO WETLAND IN THE PROVINCE OF JAUJA – JUNIN
The objective of the research is to determine the water quality of the Laguna de Tragadero Wetland contaminated by domestic sewage disposal using the ICA-NSF methodology established by the National Sanitation Foundation of the United States (NSF). For this purpose, physico-chemical and microbiological parameters such as dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, turbidity, pH, temperature, nitrates, phosphates and faecal coliforms were determined. The samples were collected during the summer and flood period to then process the data and determine the water quality of the water body under study. It was concluded that the water condition is in the range of 43.35 to 48.61 with an average value of 45.98 which indicates that it is not appropriate for aquatic life, according to the categorization of the ICA-NSF proposed by Brown corresponds to poor quality. The body of water is being affected by the discharge of remaining water from the Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant of the district of Acolla, as well as the use of agricultural fertilizers in farming areas near the wetland and the activity of livestock grazing is affecting the conservation of the aquatic environment.
physico-chemical and microbiological parameters
Copyright (c) 2024 Emilia Misari-Chuquipoma, Raúl D. Cóndor Bedoya, Julián Ccasani Allende, Rafael Cleto Chuquicondor Villafuerte https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CHATGPT AS A STRATEGIC LEARNING TOOL OF AN UNDERGRADUATE WEB-ORIENTED MULTIPLATFORM APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT COURSE
This paper describes the experience of using ChatGPT as a support tool in an undergraduate programming course to develop web-oriented multiplatform applications. The teaching-learning method is adapted to integrate Artificial Intelligence as an assistant for instructor and students. The study is qualitative and descriptive, with data collected from semi structured interview with the course instructor and a survey for the students which was analyzed to present the perception of utility of ChatGPT in class. Results show that students perceived that ChatGPT can accelerate the development process for the FrontEnd (90%), BackEnd (66%), testing and debugging (83%). The course instructor emphasizes the positive aspects of using ChatGPT as an assistant, to show up-to-date information, guidance and recommendation; it also makes the students reflect on the solutions given training their higher-order skills. Finally, the use of ChatGPT as a support tool is recommended for students with proper knowledge and foundation in programming.
Copyright (c) 2024 Eiriku Yamao, Norma León-Lescano, Yossef Hijar-Macedo, Fred Duarte-Jacome https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0