La asimetría de información como factor de ineficiencia en el acceso al Seguro Integral de Salud en Lima Metropolitana

Abstract

This article analyzes information asymmetry as the primary non-economic barrier to effective access to the Comprehensive Health Insurance (SIS) in Metropolitan Lima. Drawing on the foundations of Law and Economics and the models of Akerlof, Spence, and Stiglitz, it examines how informational inequality between the State and citizens generates systemic inefficiency: eligible individuals who never enroll, enrollees who do not know how to use their coverage, and a system that grows in numbers but not necessarily in real access. Through a qualitative methodology of critical literature review, official statistical data analysis, and comparative law with Chile, Colombia, Uruguay, and Brazil, the article identifies the structural causes of this failure, its economic and social consequences, and proposes five concrete measures to address it.