Prevalence of degenerative morphological changes of the mandibular condyle in Peruvian children and adolescents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24265/nand6g97Keywords:
Cone-beam Computed Tomography, Temporomandibular Joint, Mandibular Condyle, Children, AdolescentsAbstract
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of degenerative morphological changes of the mandibular condyle in Peruvian children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted. A total of 348 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of children and adolescents (aged 8–18 years) treated at a university dental center were analyzed. Image evaluation identified the presence of flattening, osteophytes, erosion, sclerosis, and subchondral cysts. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with Excel 2023 and SPSS version 22.0 software. Results: Flattening was the predominant finding in adolescents, with a prevalence of 10.34% in the right condyle and 18.39% in the left; its distribution by sex was equal on the right side, showing a slight male predilection on the left. Conversely, osteophytes (right: 0.86%; left: 1.15%) and erosion (right: 1.44%; left: 1.15%) occurred exclusively in the adolescent group. While right-sided osteophytes predominated in males (66.7%), erosion showed a female preponderance in both condyles. Finally, sclerosis and subchondral cysts exhibited an extremely low prevalence (0.29% each), identified solely in females and unilaterally in the right condyle. Conclusions: Degenerative morphological changes of the mandibular condyle present a low overall prevalence in children and adolescents. However, specific distribution patterns associated with age and sex were identified, characterized by an almost exclusive occurrence in adolescents and a marked female predilection for most findings.
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