Characterization of pediatric mandibular fractures and their clinical management. Scoping review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24265/p94b2735Keywords:
Mandibular Fractures; Pediatrics; Maxillofacial Development; Maxillofacial Injuries; Closed Fracture ReductionAbstract
Objectives: Mandibular fractures in pediatric patients are relatively rare; however, understanding their characteristics enables early detection and appropriate referral, preventing complications and reducing costs for both public health and the patient. The objective of this research was to characterize pediatric mandibular fractures and their clinical management through a scoping review. Materials and Methods: The study was based on the Arksey and O’Malley method, verified using PRISMA-ScR. An electronic search for available evidence in English and Spanish was conducted in the scientific databases PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO using the terms “mandible fracture” AND “pediatric.” Studies published between 2019 and 2024 were considered. Results: The search yielded 62 studies; duplicates were removed using the Rayyan artificial intelligence tool, resulting in 56 studies. After filtering by title and abstract, 29 articles were selected, and following a full-text review, 25 articles were included. Conclusions: The most common causes of pediatric mandibular fractures are motor vehicle accidents and sports- and play-related trauma, with males being the most affected demographic. The most frequently affected areas were the condyle and mandibular symphysis. A conservative management approach is generally preferred; however, the treatment strategy depends on factors such as age, displacement, and potential impact on growth and development. Although pediatric mandibular fractures are less common, their diagnosis and management should not be underestimated due to long-term complications. Conservative treatment is preferred, but it should always be tailored to the individual patient's needs.
Downloads
References
Quitral Argandoña R, Sanino Zavala I, Diaz González JC, Diaz Sotomayor F, Olivares Unamuno I, Nasi Toso M. Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes con fractura mandibular tratadas quirúrgicamente en el Hospital Gustavo Fricke, Chile, entre los años 2014 y 2020. Rev Esp Cir Oral Maxilofac. 2023;44(4):147-155 doi: 10.20986/recom.2023.1328/2021
Goswami S. Pediatric patients with facial fractures: a retrospective study. J Inj Violence Res. 2024;16(1):71.76. doi: 10.5249/jivr.v16i1.1835
Bhutia DP, Singh G, Mohammed S, Ram H, Gamit J, Howlader D. Prevalence and etiology of Pediatric Maxillofacial Injuries: A Unicenter-based Retrospective Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2019;12(6):528–31. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1687
Li L, Acharya K, Ghimire B, Li Y, Xing X, Hou X, et al. Correction to: Conservative management of mandibular fractures in pediatric patients during the growing phase with splint fiber and ligature arch wire. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23(1):773. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03460-7
Goel N, Jha S, Singhal R, Gupta N, Namdev R, Dayma C. Conservative Management of Dislocated Pediatric Unilateral Condylar Fracture Using Orthodontic Treatment and Guiding Elastics. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2024;17(2):184–6. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2753
Bressler S, Morris L. Pediatric head and neck trauma. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2023;56(6):1169–82. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2023.05.012
Hajibandeh J, Peacock ZS. Pediatric mandible fractures. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2023;35(4):555–62. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2023.05.001
Houben CH, Campbell L, Chiok Stephen Kuol C. Fracture of the mandible treatment in a child: a simplified technique. Healthc Low Resour Settings. 2023;11:11304. doi: 10.4081/hls.2023.11304
Bansal A, Yadav P, Bhutia O, Roychoudhury A, Bhalla AS. Comparison of outcome of open reduction and internal fixation versus closed treatment in pediatric mandible fractures-a retrospective study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2021;49(3):196–205. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2020.12.013
Panneerselvam E, Ravikumar C, Rajan TA, Balasubramanian S, Krishnakumar Raja VB. Management of multiple and displaced mandibular fractures in a pediatric patient sans mandibular immobilization, sans open reduction and internal fixation. Chin J Traumatol. 2024;27(5):284–7. doi: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.03.005
Lee J, Jung H-Y, Ryu J, Jung S, Kook M-S, Park H-J, et al. Open versus closed treatment for extracapsular fracture of the mandibular condyle. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022;48(5):303–8. doi: 10.5125/jkaoms.2022.48.5.303
Cleveland CN, Kelly A, DeGiovanni J, Ong AA, Carr MM. Maxillofacial trauma in children: Association between age and mandibular fracture site. Am J Otolaryngol. 2021;42(2):102874. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102874
Panneerselvam E, Parameswaran A. Self-drilling screws for the prevention of dental and skeletal injuries during open reduction and internal fixation of pediatric mandibular fractures. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2022;40(2):213–5. doi: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_159_22
Kao R, Rabbani CC, Patel JM, Parkhurst SM, Mantravadi AV, Ting JY, et al. Management of mandible fracture in 150 children across 7 years in a US tertiary care hospital. JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2019;21(5):414–8. doi: 10.1001/jamafacial.2019.0312
Patidar D, Sogi S, Fry RR, Patidar DC, Malhotra A. Maxillofacial trauma in pediatric patients: A retrospective study. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2024;23(1):99–106. doi: 10.1007/s12663-022-01842-y
Țenț PA, Juncar RI, Moca AE, Moca RT, Juncar M. The etiology and epidemiology of pediatric facial fractures in North-Western Romania: A 10-year retrospective study. Children (Basel). 2022;9(7):932. doi: 10.3390/children9070932
Segura-Palleres I, Sobrero F, Roccia F, de Oliveira Gorla LF, Pereira-Filho VA, Gallafassi D, et al. Characteristics and age-related injury patterns of maxillofacial fractures in children and adolescents: A multicentric and prospective study. Dent Traumatol. 2022;38(3):213–22. doi: 10.1111/edt.12735
Sanino Zavala I, Carrazana Díaz M, Fuentes Fernández D, Guzmán Aguilera V, Quitral Argandoña R. Resorbable osteosynthesis in mandibular fractures. An exploratory systematic review. Odovtos - Int J Dent Sci. 2024;156–65. doi: 10.15517/ijds.2024.60451
Kattimani PT, Lahiri B, Babu TK, Rao NK, Thiruvenkatakrishnan D, Patil TR, et al. A report of a novel approach for the management of paediatric mandibular fracture using a prefabricated adaptable surgical splint. Afr J Paediatr Surg. 2021;18(2):119–22. doi: 10.4103/ajps.AJPS_2_20
Mukhopadhyay S, Galui S, Biswas R, Saha S, Sarkar S. Oral and maxillofacial injuries in children: a retrospective study. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;46(3):183–90. doi: 10.5125/jkaoms.2020.46.3.183
El-Anwar MW, Elshiekh E, Awad A, Elsayed AM, Alshawadfy M. Pediatric versus adult maxillofacial fractures. Egypt J Otolaryngol. 2022;38:168. doi: 10.1186/s43163-022-00354-3
Yang C, Zhang S, Zhang Y. Three-dimensional-printed splint for use in pediatric mandibular fracture. J Craniofac Surg. 2023;34(2):e186–7. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000008984
Abdullah MF, Sivanganam S, Omar M, Yusoff BM. Pediatric mandibular fracture with concomitant craniovertebral ligament injuries and retroclival hematoma: A rare occurrence. J Pediatr Surg Case Rep. 2022;85(102406):102406. doi: 10.1016/j.epsc.2022.102406
Dal Santo KL. Bilateral mandible fractures in the paediatric patient in a case of peer-to-peer violence: a case report and literature review. Aust Dent J. 2024;69(4):320–5. doi: 10.1111/adj.13025
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Consuelo Garcia Fuster , Ignacio Sanino Zavala, Gabriela Montero Soto, Daniela Costela Miranda, Melany Forton Donoso , Rodrigo Quitral Argandoña
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Los autores/as conservarán sus derechos de autor y garantizarán a la revista el derecho de primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la Licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
- Los autores/as podrán adoptar otros acuerdos de licencia no exclusiva de distribución de la versión de la obra publicada (p. ej.: depositarla en un archivo telemático institucional o publicarla en un volumen monográfico) siempre que se indique la publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y recomienda a los autores/as difundir su obra a través de Internet (p. ej.: en archivos telemáticos institucionales o en su página web) posterior al proceso de aprobación del manuscrito, lo cual puede producir intercambios interesantes y aumentar las citas de la obra publicada.
