Tomographic evaluation of the internal root anatomy of mandibular first molars of patients who attended a university health center in Peru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24265/vhgykr76Keywords:
Molar Tooth; Anatomy; Endodontics; Cone Beam Computed TomographyAbstract
Objectives: To determine the number of canals, internal anatomy and bilaterality of anatomical variations of permanent mandibular first molars using the Zhang and Melton classification with the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: A total of 244 tomographic images of mandibular first molars from 122 patients were included. Sex, number of roots, number and location/configuration of canals, bilaterality, and presence of C-shaped canals according to the Zhang and Melton classifications, respectively, were recorded. Fisher's exact and chi-square tests were used for bivariate analysis. Results: 95.1% of molars presented 2 roots and 4.9% presented 3 roots. 75.4% of molars presented 3 canals, 15.6% presented 2 canals, and 9% presented 4 canals. Regarding Zhang's classification, 73.8% were variant 3, 15.6% variant 1, 5.7% variant 4, 3.3% variant 6, and 1.6% variant 5. As for bilaterality, 86.8% were bilateral and 13.2% unilateral. No molar presented a C-shaped canal. There was no significant difference regarding sex; however, there was a significant difference (p<0.001) in the prevalence of bilaterality. Conclusions: According to Zhang's classification, variant 3 (2 mesial canals and 1 distal canal) is the most frequent; however, it is essential to consider that variant 1 (1 mesial canal and 1 distal canal) and the presence of 4 canals (variants 4 and 6) are not uncommon. These findings emphasize the importance of knowledge of the various morphological configurations to consider during endodontic treatment.
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