Association between temporomandibular disorders and endometriosis: a literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24265/221w5s81Keywords:
Endometriosis, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Chronic Pain, Estrogen, Orofacial PainAbstract
Objectives: Temporomandibular disorders and orofacial pain (TMD/OFP) predominantly affect women of reproductive age, causing persistent pain and decline in quality of life. In recent years, a potential coexistence between TMD/OFP and endometriosis has been hypothesized, as they share hormonal, inflammatory, and psychoemotional mechanisms; however, the available evidence remains scattered. This study aims to analyze the relationship between endometriosis and TMD/OFP, considering the epidemiological, hormonal, inflammatory, and psychoemotional aspects that could explain their comorbidity. Materials and Methods: A literature review was conducted across electronic databases. Following an initial screening, 245 articles were identified; after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 studies were selected for inclusion. The PRISMA statement guidelines were followed. Results: The reviewed studies reported a TMD prevalence ranging from 45,2% to 77,3% among women with endometriosis, figures significantly higher tan those observed in the general population. A connection was also found between pelvic pain, orofacial pain, and pain in other anatomical sites. Furthermore, hormonal fluctuations (estrogen and progesterone) were observed to influence the severity and chronification of TMD. This comorbidity appears to be mediated by central sensitization mechanisms, inflammatory processes, and a pronounced psychoemotional burden that amplifies pain perception. Conclusions: The evidence suggests a potential relationship between endometriosis and TMD, underscoring the need for systematic evaluation and multidisciplinary management.
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